Beta-Blockers
Beta-blockers can help reduce orthostatic symptoms (specifically heart rate), and can be very helpful when used at lower doses for some (Raj et al., 2009).
More commonly used beta-blockers include propranolol and metoprolol.
Studies have found that higher doses may not be tolerated as well, which makes sense given that while beta-blockers do lower the heart rate, they can also lower blood pressure and reduce renin levels (Raj et al., 2009; Jacob et al., 1997).
It is also important to note that while helpful for some, there are some contraindications; one that providers should be mindful of includes diagnoses of MCAS which many in our community have.
Researchers have discovered they may exacerbate MCAS for some which is also important to consider when determining what medication options are best for a patient presenting with both MCAS and POTS (Cardet et al., 2014).
Sources:
Cardet, J.-C., Castells, M. C., & Hamilton, M. J. (2012). Immunology and clinical manifestations of non-clonal Mast cell activation syndrome. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 13(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-012-0326-8
Jacob, G., Robertson, D., Mosqueda-Garcia, R., Ertl, A. C., Robertson, R. M., & Biaggioni, I. (1997). Hypovolemia in syncope and orthostatic intolerance role of the renin-angiotensin system. The American Journal of Medicine, 103(2), 128–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(97)00133-2
Raj, S. R., Black, B. K., Biaggioni, I., Paranjape, S. Y., Ramirez, M., Dupont, W. D., & Robertson, D. (2009). Propranolol decreases tachycardia and improves symptoms in the postural tachycardia syndrome. Circulation, 120(9), 725–734. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.108.846501